Showing posts with label ECG. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ECG. Show all posts

Thursday, September 17, 2009

"Parachute" May Help Some Heart Patients

Experimental Device Is Designed to Increase Blood Flow in People with Congestive Heart Failure

(CBS) Congestive heart failure patients may soon be able to "parachute" their way to better lives.

A new device, dubbed "the parachute," is meant to increase blood flow in those patients, and is doing well in clinical trials.

The device, dubbed "the parachute," looks like an upside-down chute. A small incision is made in a leg artery, and it's snaked up to the damaged portion of the pumping chamber of the heart, isolating the inefficient portion of the weakened heart chamber and enabling blood to flow more effectively. Most patients are discharged from the hospital a day after the procedure.

The parachute could be available within three years, if all continues to go well in the clinical trials.

It was developed and is made by CardioKinetix of Menlo Park, Calif.

Myrna Muso, a 69 year-old New Jersey grandmother, suffered a heart attack eight years ago. Since then, she's quit smoking and had a defibrillator-pacemaker inserted, but was still suffering from the effects of congestive heart failure, unable to catch her breath or continue any of her old activities.

As a new grandma, she couldn't enjoy the presence of her energetic grandson, and it would take her four days just to clean her small apartment.

When a friend heard about "the parachute," Muso signed up to be a part of the clinical trial.

She had it implanted in May and says she was "elated" after taking her first few breaths of air after the surgery. She wasn't huffing and puffing as she usually did, and has been able to become more active.

Muso told her story on "The Early Show" Wednesday, in the first of a three-part series on heart health, and her cardiologist, Dr. Robert Kipperman of New Jersey's Morristown Memorial Hospital, described how the parachute works.


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Friday, September 11, 2009

Getting a second chance


When your young, especially when you're in your 20s, you feel invincible. You feel you can do anything and you expect a lot of things - go to college, get a job, get married, have fun, go to parties, drink beer. You expect you have the world ahead of you, stretched and limitless.

You never expect it could end. You ask yourself, I'm young, energetic and strong. Heart Attack is out of the question. Well, that's the mindset of a young graduate student that is being featured in this blog.

Graduate student Lee Kluck found out that just because you're young, it doesn't mean you're invincible. After having a heart attack at the age of just 28, Kluck had to turn his life around and figure out how to put it back together again.

"It really changes your outlook on things when the surgeon comes up to you and tells you that you've had a heart attack and it should've killed you," said Kluck. "It was a total shock to the system."

It all began on just an average day last spring.

"One day on the way to class my shoulders went slack and I noticed throughout that next week I started having chest pain," he said. "But because it wasn't radiating down the side of my body and I wasn't having cold sweats, I waited about a week before going in to [Student] Health Services. I finally did, though, and they hooked me up to an EKG and consulted a cardiologist. But they told me it wasn't serious and sent me home."

Unfortunately, the pain only got worse.

"Finally on the morning of March 11, I went to the emergency room at Sacred Heart Hospital," he said. "After running tests, they came in and said, as I like to joke, 'Congratulations! You've had a heart attack!'"

After the heart catheterization the next day, a procedure where plastic tubing is inserted into a vein or artery and is advanced to the heart, the doctor said if a blockage was found, then they'd perform a stint, which is a ballooning of the blocked artery, he said.

"Now, I'm awake for the heart catheterization, and they're showing me the different arteries on the screen … and show me that there was a blockage on the backside of my heart, in the left main artery," he said.

After consulting with other doctors, they decided that the only option was open-heart surgery, he said.

"I remember thinking back to the previous Christmas," he said. "I remember telling myself, 'you are 310 lbs. and you are not 22 years old anymore. You need to get in shape, because if you don't you're going to have a heart attack, sooner rather than later.' So I had started walking two miles a day and was trying to curb some of my less savory eating habits."

But the doctor told him that his heart had been working overtime for too long, he said.

"My surgeon and his physician's assistant came in to see me after the procedure, and my surgeon said, 'They tell me you know a little bit about the Navy,'" he said.

Being a Masters student in naval history, Kluck certainly did ­­- devoting his time to studying U.S. Naval Aviation in the Korean War - his way of contributing, he said. So he was, in a way, prepared for his surgeon's direct demeanor.

"My surgeon was a Captain in the Naval Reserve and his physician's assistant is a retired Major in the Airforce and was a combat rescue officer," he said. "And my surgeon says, 'I'm going to give it to you like I give it to those people - blunt, informative, and forward - we need to cut you open. You need between one and three bypasses done."

After getting a few hours to let the information soak in, Kluck decided to go through with the surgery, despite the risks that it could either cause excessive bleeding, stroke, or death, he said. And after six hours on the operating table and a double bypass, Kluck woke up in the Critical Care Unit of Sacred Heart Hospital.

Then began his long recovery, with the knowledge that things would never be the same.

"After spending over three weeks in the hospital, I was finally sent home," he said. "I had to withdraw from school and move back home to heal. I had a diet of basically veggies, brown rice, and white meat and a scar that ran from my neck to the top of my belly. I was in unbelievable pain."

So Kluck began the steps he needed to take to start his new life.

"Before I could get into shape, I had to build up my stamina again," he said. "I started walking on a treadmill and started off being able to only walk for about seven minutes before getting exhausted."

But Kluck sticks to his diet and keeps up the exercise - his life depends on it.

"The surgeon said that in five to 15 years, I'll need to have surgery again," he said. "I'm doing everything I can to push that date out. It's my turn to work hard to keep myself healthy because all of the doctors and nurses worked so hard to help me. If I don't, I'll feel like I've let them down."

And even after this traumatic event, Kluck decided to go right back to school the very next semester.

"A lot of who I am has changed even," he said. "I used to have problems sharing opinions. Now I always share what's on my mind. Because when it comes down to it, nothing's as tough as that moment when they look at you and tell you you've had a heart attack and shouldn't be here."

Continuing work on his thesis in U.S. Naval history, Kluck definitely has been given a second chance.

"It was a traumatic experience, but it was a good thing, too, because now I have a new appreciation for life and made the necessary changes to protect it," he said. "Every day's a great day because I'm here."


source

Wednesday, September 9, 2009

Inhaling a Heart Attack: How Air Pollution Can Cause Heart Disease







University of Michigan tests show short-term exposure to fine particle air pollution
can drive up high blood pressure, raise risk of heart attack.

It's well known that measures such as exercise, a healthy diet and not smoking can
help reduce high blood pressure, but researchers at the University of Michigan Health System
have determined the very air we breathe can be an invisible catalyst to heart disease.

Inhaling air pollution over just two hours caused a significant increase in
diastolic blood pressure, the lower number on blood pressure readings,
according to new U-M research.

The study findings appear in the current issue of Hypertension, a publication
of the American Heart Association.

Nearly one in three Americans suffer from hypertension, a significant health
problem that can lead to heart attack, heart failure, stroke, and other
life-threatening problems.

"Although this increase in diastolic blood pressure may pose little health
risk to healthy people, in people with underlying coronary artery disease this
small increase may actually be able to a trigger heart attack or stroke," says
Robert D. Brook, M.D., lead author and vascular medicine physician at the U-M
Cardiovascular Center.

In the study, researchers hoped to identify which air pollutants are harmful
and how the pollutants work to damage the cardiovascular system.

Eighty-three people in Ann Arbor and Toronto were involved in testing and
breathed air pollution, concentrated by a mobile air quality research
facility, that was similar to what would be found in an urban environment near
a roadway.


"We looked at their blood vessels and then their responses before and after
breathing high levels of air pollution," explains Robert Bard, M.S., overall
research project manager.

Ozone gases, a well-known component of air pollution, were not the biggest
culprit. Rather, small microscopic particles about a 10th of the diameter of a
human hair caused the rise in blood pressure and impaired blood vessel
function, tests showed. The blood pressure increase was rapid and occurred
within two hours, while the impairment in blood vessel function occurred later
but lasted as long as 24 hours.

It's believed these fine particles deposit deep into the lungs and certain
components may gain entrance to the blood stream, or cause an inflammatory
response throughout the body. There is also evidence that functions in the
body's nervous system are also disrupted.

The research is the latest in the relatively new field of Environmental
Cardiology which looks at the association between air pollution and heart
disease. Brook says that at the very least the findings support efforts to
maintain current ambient air quality standards set by the Environmental
Protection Agency.

"It really bolsters and strengthens the importance of maintaining air quality
for human health," says Brook.

There are practical ways to avoid exposure to high levels of air pollution,
such as avoiding unnecessary travel or commutes and not exercising during rush
hour, or near busy roadways, Brook says. In modern society, the burning of
fossil fuels is the primary source for air pollution.

"If air pollution levels are forecasted to be high, those with heart disease,
diabetes or lung disease should avoid unnecessary outdoor activity," he says.


source

Sunday, September 6, 2009

What is a Heart Attack?


A heart attack occurs when the blood supply to part of the heart muscle itself — the myocardium — is severely reduced or stopped. The reduction or stoppage happens when one or more of the coronary arteries supplying blood to the heart muscle is blocked. This is usually caused by the buildup of plaque (deposits of fat-like substances), a process called atherosclerosis. The plaque can eventually burst, tear or rupture, creating a "snag" where a blood clot forms and blocks the artery. This leads to a heart attack.

If the blood supply is cut off for more than a few minutes, muscle cells suffer permanent injury and die. This can kill or disable someone, depending on how much heart muscle is damaged.

Sometimes a coronary artery temporarily contracts or goes into spasm. When this happens the artery narrows and blood flow to part of the heart muscle decreases or stops. We're not sure what causes a spasm. A spasm can occur in normal-appearing blood vessels as well as in vessels partly blocked by atherosclerosis. A severe spasm can cause a heart attack.

The medical term for heart attack is myocardial infarction. A heart attack is also sometimes called a coronary thrombosis or coronary occlusion.

It is difficult to estimate exactly how common heart attacks are because as many as 200,000 to 300,000 people in the United States die each year before medical help is sought. It is estimated that approximately 1 million patients visit the hospital each year with a heart attack. About 1 out of every 5 deaths are due to a heart attack.

Risk factors for heart attack and coronary artery disease include:

* Bad genes (hereditary factors)
* Being male
* Diabetes
* Getting older
* High blood pressure
* Smoking
* Too much fat in your diet
* Unhealthy cholesterol levels, especially high LDL ("bad") cholesterol and low HDL ("good") cholesterol

Higher-than-normal levels of homocysteine, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen may also increase your risk for a heart attack. Homocysteine is an amino acid. C-reactive protein and fibrinogen are linked to inflammation. Fibrinogen is also involved in blood clotting.



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Saturday, August 22, 2009

What Is an ECG?


You probably overheard the term many times especially when you take a physical health examination. You also heard or seen it in TV shows or in movies. But many people don't know it's literal meaning as well as its functions and importance. For the benefit of all, Here is the acronym of the term and is vital importance to the heart.

What Is an ECG?

An electrocardiogram, also known as an ECG or EKG, records the heart's electrical signals to determine whether the pattern is normal. Learn more about electrical signals in the heart and how ECGs work.

A Healthy Heartbeat

The heart is a beating muscle that pumps oxygen and nutrient rich blood throughout the body. Each beat is stimulated by electrical signals that pass through the heart muscle, or myocardium.

Performing an ECG or EKG

In order to examine the function of the heart, a doctor may perform a test called an electrocardiogram or ECG (also referred to as an EKG). During this test, electrodes are placed on the chest and recordings are then made of the heart's electrical signals. Sometimes the electrodes are also placed on the arms and legs.

The Heart's Electrical Signals

The electrical signals follow a set pathway through the heart beginning at a spot called the SA node, which is located in the top right chamber, or atrium. The signal then branches out through both right and left atria, which contract and push blood into the lower chambers, or ventricles.

The electrical signal also passes into the ventricles via the AV node, and then travels down the tissue that separates these two lower chambers. Finally, the signal travels back up the ventricles, which contract and pump blood to the lungs and body.

If Electrical Signals Are Abnormal

Variations from the normal electrical pattern may indicate damage to the heart due to a heart attack or heart disease.

What Is a Stress Test?

Often a patient will be required to perform a stress test during an ECG. A stress test usually involves walking or running on a treadmill at progressively increasing intensities while recording an ECG. This test allows a doctor to examine the heart's electrical activity during the stress of exercise.

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